Conditional Statements in Python

Conditional statements in Python control the flow of your program based on whether certain conditions are true or false. Here's a breakdown of the most common ones:

1. if Statement

• Executes a block of code only if the condition is True.

  Python

  if condition:
      # Code to execute if condition is True
  

  Example:

  Python

  age = 18
  if age >= 18:
      print("You are an adult.") 
  

2. if-else Statement

• Executes one block of code if the condition is True, and another block if it's False.

  Python

  if condition:
      # Code to execute if condition is True
  else:
      # Code to execute if condition is False
  

  Example:

  Python

  age = 16
  if age >= 18:
      print("You are an adult.") 
  else:
      print("You are a minor.")
  

3. if-elif-else Statement

• Checks multiple conditions in sequence.

• Executes the block corresponding to the first True condition.

• If no conditions are True, executes the else block.

  Python

  if condition1:
      # Code to execute if condition1 is True
  elif condition2:
      # Code to execute if condition2 is True
  elif condition3:
      # Code to execute if condition3 is True
  else:
      # Code to execute if none of the conditions are True
  

  Example:

  コード スニペット

  grade = 85
  
  if grade >= 90:
      print("Excellent!")
  elif grade >= 80:
      print("Good job!")
  elif grade >= 70:
      print("Satisfactory.")
  else:
      print("Needs improvement.")
  

Key Considerations:

• Indentation: Python relies heavily on indentation to define code blocks within conditional statements. Use consistent spacing (usually 4 spaces) for proper execution.
• Comparison Operators: Familiarize yourself with comparison operators like == (equal to), != (not equal to), >, <, >=, <=.
• Logical Operators: Combine multiple conditions using and, or, and not to create more complex expressions.

Example with Logical Operators:

Python

age = 25
has_driver_license = True

if age >= 18 and has_driver_license:
    print("You are eligible to rent a car.")

By mastering these conditional statements, you'll be able to write more dynamic and responsive Python programs that make decisions based on various inputs and conditions.