The English word "curb" can be used as both a noun and a verb. While the spelling is the same, the meanings and usage are distinct.
I. Curb (as a noun)
Meaning:
- The edge of a raised sidewalk/pavement: This is the most common literal meaning. It's the stone or concrete border that separates the sidewalk from the street.
- Synonyms: kerb (British English spelling)
Examples:
- "Be careful not to trip over the curb."
- "He parked his car too close to the curb."
- "The dog sat patiently on the curb, waiting for its owner."
- A restraint or limit on something: This is a more abstract meaning, referring to something that controls or holds back.
- Synonyms: restraint, check, control
Examples:
- "The government introduced new curbs on spending." (Meaning: new limits or restrictions)
- "We need to put a curb on his excessive drinking." (Meaning: a control or check)
Common Phrases (as a noun):
- at the curb: Right at the edge of the sidewalk/street.
- to the curb: Moving something to the edge.
- on the curb: Resting on the edge.
II. Curb (as a verb)
Meaning:
- To restrain or control something; to keep something in check: This is the most common verbal meaning. It implies limiting, restricting, or holding back something that might otherwise increase or get out of control.
- Synonyms: restrain, control, check, limit, restrict, suppress, rein in, hold back
Examples:
- "The police are trying to curb street crime." (Meaning: to reduce or control)
- "You need to curb your enthusiasm a bit." (Meaning: to hold back or lessen)
- "New policies aim to curb inflation." (Meaning: to limit or slow down the rate of inflation)
- "Doctors advise curbing your sugar intake." (Meaning: to reduce or limit)
- "She tried to curb her anger." (Meaning: to control or suppress)
- To provide with a curb (for a sidewalk): This is a less common, more literal use related to construction.
- Example: "The workers are curbing the new road."
Common Phrases (as a verb):
- curb one's appetite/spending/enthusiasm: To control or reduce these things.
- curb the spread of (disease/rumors): To slow down or stop the expansion of something.
- curb emissions/pollution: To reduce the amount of harmful substances.
Key Difference to Remember:
- As a noun, it's often a physical edge (sidewalk) or a specific restriction.
- As a verb, it's the action of restricting or controlling something.
Context will usually make it clear which meaning of "curb" is being used.
