the explanation of why people struggle with long English passages

 Certainly! Here is the explanation of why people struggle with long English passages, translated into English for you.

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Why is it difficult to read long English passages?

Many learners feel overwhelmed by long texts. This difficulty usually stems from a combination of technical habits and a lack of specific reading strategies. Here are the specific reasons:

1. The Habit of "Backward Reading"

Many students try to translate English into their native language's word order.

• The Problem: English and Japanese have opposite word orders. If you wait until the end of a long sentence to "rearrange" it, your brain's working memory becomes overloaded.

• The Result: By the time you reach the end of a paragraph, you have forgotten how it started.

2. Lack of "Syntax" Recognition (Sentence Structure)

Even if you know all the words, you might not see the "skeleton" of the sentence.

• The Problem: You cannot instantly identify the Subject (S), Verb (V), and Object (O), especially when they are separated by long modifiers.

• The Result: You end up "guessing" the meaning by connecting random words, which leads to incorrect understanding.

3. Missing the "Forest for the Trees" (Abstract Thinking)

Learners often focus too much on individual words rather than the main idea.

• The Problem: In academic or logical writing, the text moves from concrete examples to abstract claims.

• The Result: You might understand every single word but still finish the text wondering, "What was the author actually trying to say?"

4. Unfamiliarity with Logical Patterns

English essays follow a very strict structure called Paragraph Writing.

• The Problem: Learners often ignore "Discourse Markers" (Transition words). For example, they don't realize that after the word "However," the most important information usually appears.

• The Result: You read every sentence with the same amount of energy, which makes you tired and slow.

5. Perfectionism and Fear of Unknown Words

• The Problem: If a learner sees one word they don't know, they stop reading and panic.

• The Result: They lose the "flow" of the story and fail to use context clues to guess the meaning of the unknown word.

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How to Overcome These Challenges

Challenge	Solution
Backward Reading	Use Slash Reading to process info from left to right.
Weak Structure	Practice Intensive Reading (identifying S, V, O, and M).
Low Speed	Practice Timed Reading or Shadowing with familiar texts.
Lost in Details	Focus on the Topic Sentence (usually the first sentence of a paragraph).

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Understanding these "walls" is the first step to breaking them down. Would you like me to explain more about Paragraph Writing or how to use Transition Words to navigate long texts?

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